Urology is a part of healthcare that deals with male and female urinary tract diseases (kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra).
It also deals with male reproductive organs (penis, testicle, scrotum, prostate, etc.). Health problems in these body parts can happen to anyone, and diagnosis and treatment are important.

Urology department diagnosis and treatment services
Reyap Hospital Istanbul urology department provides diagnosis and treatment services in urological cancer surgeries, pediatric urology surgeries, urodynamics, and male sexual dysfunctions, as well as routine operations such as prostate and bladder operations, open and closed stone surgeries (ureteroscopy, percutaneous nephrolithotomy).
Current drug and surgical treatment methods (TUR (Transurethral resection), Greenlight Laser PVP, Greenlight Laser HPS, Thermotherapy with feedback (PLFT)) are used in the treatment of urinary disorders related to prostate enlargement (BPH). Besides, intensive studies are carried out in areas related to prostate health such as prostate cancer screening and treatment of prostate infections.

Uro-oncology
Reyap Hospital Istanbul’s urology department uses all medical and surgical methods in the treatment of urological cancer diseases. In the department, nerve-sparing radical prostatectomy (a surgical method that minimizes the possibility of losing sexual functions and for prostate cancer) and radical cystectomy (for bladder cancer) operations are frequently performed. These operations are performed with laparoscopic, or closed surgery technique, which is applied in certain centers around the world. For some urological cancers, multidisciplinary treatment options are offered to patients in coordination with medical oncology and radiotherapy departments.

Endourology (Stone diseases)
Endourology (stone disease) is a minimally invasive technique that uses small telescopes and lasers to treat tumors, strictures, or congenital anomalies of the bladder, ureter, and kidney.
Kidney stone, also called nephrolithiasis, is a small, hard deposit of mineral and uric acid salt that forms inside your kidneys and can affect any part of your urinary tract. Kidney stones can cause severe pain. Most kidney stones can be treated without surgery, but in cases of persistent pain or infection, the urinary obstruction may need to be removed.
Endoscopic (closed system) surgeries can be performed in the treatment of urinary system stone disease with current technological devices. The urology department has served many patients in the endourological treatment of stone disease (ureteroscopy, percutaneous kidney stone surgery – PCNL).

Female urology
Diagnosis and treatment services are provided in many disease areas such as urinary incontinence (stress and urge incontinence) and interstitial cystitis. Female urology problems usually occur after pregnancy or with the use of the public toilet. Its treatment significantly improves the quality of life.

Urinary incontinence
Urinary incontinence is a condition that should always be investigated. As a result of these investigations, the type of urinary incontinence is determined, and medical or surgical treatment is performed.
For this purpose, the most common and most effective surgical treatment is the placement of mesh under the urinary tract. This mesh (patch), which resembles a small fishnet, also prevents urinary incontinence by supporting the urethra. This patch can be placed in 4 ways: TVT (Tension-free Vaginal Tape), TOT (TransObturator Tape), mini-print, and prepubic strap.
There is also medical treatment for urinary incontinence. There are various opinions about the place of medical treatment in stress urinary incontinence. Drug treatment works especially in urinary incontinence with sudden voiding sensation called overactive bladder.
The Urodynamics unit provides detailed diagnostic examination opportunities for problems related to incontinence and urination. Urodynamic examinations and modern uro-radiological methods are used in the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of all types of urinary incontinence problems, such as night wetting in children or urinary incontinence disorders and myelodysplasia (spina bifida) in women.

Andrology
Examination, diagnosis, and treatment for erectile dysfunction, and male infertility, which are defined as premature ejaculation and male infertility, are managed together with other branches of medicine.
Varicocele is thought to impair the production of sperm and the quality of the sperm, thus leading to infertility. Besides, a varicocele may cause atrophy and a reduction in the size of testicles. In our hospital laparoscopic (closed-surgery) varicocelectomy is performed which is a new method in Turkey.

Pediatric urology
The most common urological problems in children are hypospadias and undescended testicles.
Surgical repair of hypospadias is one of the special areas of the urology department. Both the primary repair of hypospadias and the surgical treatment of previously operated but unsuccessful cases can be performed.
The purpose of the treatment of undescended testis (testicles not in the scrotum) is to lower the testicles into place. There are two ways to achieve this goal: hormonal therapy and surgical treatment. Treatment should be done as early as possible. It is recommended to be done before 1 year of age or around 1 year old.
Pediatric urology also plays a role in the diagnosis and treatment of the following problems;
Urination disorders requiring surgery, vesicoureteral reflux, and urinary tract infections
Urinary tract (kidneys, ureters, and bladder) abnormalities, including genital abnormalities, hypospadias, and gender development disorders,
Groin disorders are seen in childhood and adolescence (undescended testicles, hydrocele/hernia, varicocele)
Kidney stone
Kidney, bladder, and testicular tumors
Congenital urinary system problems
Urinary tract problems associated with neurological conditions such as spina bifida